Subsections of (Chaetonotus)
Chaetonotus (C. ) aculeatus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) africanus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) alatus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) alni
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) antrumus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) australiensis
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) beauchampi
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) benacensis
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) bifidispinosus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) bombardus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) brasiliensis
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) breviacanthus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) brevis
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) brevisetosus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) brevispinosus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) christianus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) corderoi
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) dadayi
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) daphnes
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) disjunctus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) dybowskii
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) elegans
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) eximius
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) fluviatilis
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) formosus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) furcatus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) gelidus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) greuteri
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) heterospinosus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) hirsutus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) hoanicus
200 µm - 260 µm
Width:
45 µm - 55 µm
Width of the head ( five-lobed ):
35 µm
µm
Length of the furca:
35 µm - 38 µm
Adhessive tubes:
75% of furca
Pharyx ( cylindrical, terminal slightly swollen ):
70 µm - 80 µm
Diameter of the mouth ( round ):
11 µm
Dorsal scales:
Head: 18-19 rows; body 10-11 rows with a total of 33-40 thin, strongly overlapping heptagonal to rectangular scales (19µm x 9µm), each bearing a spine (2µm - 40µm) with a secondary tip; short spiny field at the rear end
Ventral scales:
ventral intermediate field with two curved, keeled terminal plates;8-9 rows of keel scales (partly spiny); oval, smooth scales in the pharynx region
Oecology:
Moor; Sumpfgewässer
Similar species:
variable species; similar to C. (C. ) similis (can be diverged by scale shape and change in spine length); C. (C. ) maximus (no secondary spikes); C. (C. ) heterospinosus (more rounded); C. (C. ) pilaga (scale form and terminal spines)
Particularities:
Distinct system of pharyngeal veins
Chaetonotus hoanicus is a very rare gastrotrich that has so far only been observed by Schwank. I would therefore like to describe it in more detail.
The main characteristic of Ch. hoanicus is the abrupt transition from an unspined (or shortly spined) head area to a relatively long spined back:
Ch. hoanicus: Change of the dorsal spination
The scaling of the neck/head area consists of almost round, strongly overlapping scales with only an extremely short - often only perceptible - spine:
Ch. hoanicus: Change in the dorsal scales on the neck
With an abrupt transition to long spiny scales the area of the trunk scales is clearly separated. The trunk scales are relatively large, roughly pentagonal and have a large cut-out at the rear end. Spines approx. 15-20 µm long arise from its tip, which are provided with a secondary tip distally.
Ch. hoanicus: Modification of the dorsal trunk spination
In the anal region there is a short spined field. Some conspicuous, longer spines protrude into the toe cutout.
Ch. hoanicus: Change in the dorsal spination of the anal region
The exact scale shape only becomes clear when it is possible to detach scales:
Ch. hoanicus: Individual dorsal scales from the dorsal region
The particularly pronounced tuning fork-shaped structure of the pharyngeal surface, which connects the oral cavity with the glands in the pharyngeal wall (see Pharynx), is conspicuous:
Ch. hoanicus: Structure on pharyngeal surface
If one films a living specimen of Ch. hoanicus with the focus on these “veins”, a clear flow within these structures becomes visible, indicating a gland-like function:
Ch. hoanicus: Movie about flow in the “pharyngeal veins” ( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tIhu4Xhe14U )
Literature:
(Schwank, 1990)Chaetonotus (C. ) illiesi
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) intermedius
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) invitatus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) jaceki
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) laroides
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) larus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) linguaeformis
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) lobo
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) longisetosus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) lunatospinosus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) machikanensis
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) maximus
120 µm - 230 µm
Width:
20 µm - 45 µm
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
22 µm - 36 µm
Width of the neck:
12 µm - 30 µm
Length of the furca:
18 µm - 30 µm
Adhessive tubes:
70% of furca
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
40 µm - 66 µm
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
10 µm
Dorsal scales:
11-14 Reihen, 23-28 pro Reihe, dreieckig 10-12 µm, keine Kiele, tiefer distaler Ausschnitt; Stacheln vorne 6-7 µm, hinten 14-17 µm, gebogen, keine Nebenspitze; 3 Paar laterale Stacheln am Hinterende dicker;
Ventral scales:
Ventrales Zwischenfeld: 2 große Terminalplatten; Darmregion 5 Längsreihen überlappender Kielschüppchen; Halsregion 9 Querspangen
Oecology:
absoluter Ubiquist; sehr häufig auf Wasserpflanzen; selten auf / im Schlamm
Similar species:
sehr ähnlich zu vielen Chaetonotus-Arten! Abgrenzung zu:
- Sektion brevispinosus: Längere Stacheln
- Sektion larus: Schuppenform
- Ch. similis: einfache Stacheln
- Ch. rarispinosus: mehr Stacheln
- Ch. laroides: Schuppenform, ventrale Querspangen
Particularities:
ventrale Querspangen
Literatur
Chaetonotus (C. ) microchaetus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) minimus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) mitraformis
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) multispinosus
85 µm - 150 µm
Width:
31 µm - 43 µm
Width of the head ( five-lobed ):
28 µm - 32 µm
Width of the neck:
27 µm - 28 µm
Length of the furca:
14 µm - 16 µm
Adhessive tubes:
20% of furca
Pharyx ( cylindrical, barrel-shaped ):
31 µm - 39 µm
Diameter of the mouth ( round ):
unknown
Dorsal scales:
17-19 rows of 38-40 circular scales each with distal cutout and short and simple spines
Ventral scales:
2-3 pairs of elongated, keeled terminal plates; 5-7 rows of small, round keel scales
Oecology:
very europhilous species; standing and flowing waters; moor; common
Similar species:
well-defined due to stocky shape and bare toes
Particularities:
Bare toes; insufficiently described
The small and common gastrotrich Chaetonotus (Ch.) multispinosus is characterized by its short-spined, roundish scales, which are cut out at the posterior end:
Ch multispinosus: ventral
The short spines that give the species its name can be seen in cross-section. The short, club-shaped pharynx is very typical:
Ch multispinosus: cross section
The ventral intermediate field is covered with a few rows of roundish, keeled scales. The posterior end is formed by two larger, short spiny plates, which are bordered by two pairs of small, also short spiny keel scales:
Ch multispinosus: dorsal
Literature:
(Grünspan, 1908)Chaetonotus (C. ) naiadis
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) ocellatus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) oculatus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) oculifer
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) odontopharynx
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) oplites
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) paluster
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) parafurcatus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) paucisquamatus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) pawlowskii
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) pilaga
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) polyspinosus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) poznaniensis
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) pratensis
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) pravus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) pseudopolyspinosus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) puniceus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) rarispinosus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) remanei
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) retiformis
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) sanctipauli
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) scutatus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) silvaticus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) similis
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) sphagnophilus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) splendidus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) stagnalis
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) subtilis
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) svalbardi
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) vellosus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) ventrochaetus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) venustus
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown
Chaetonotus (C. ) vulgaris
Width:
Width of the head ( fünflappig ):
µm
Length of the furca:
Adhessive tubes:
Pharyx ( zylindrisch ):
Diameter of the mouth ( rund ):
unknown